In economics, productivity is the amount of output created (in terms of goods produced or services rendered) per unit input used.

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Productivity studies analyze technical processes and engineering relationships such as how much of an output can be produced in a specified period of time.

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Companies can increase productivity in a variety of ways. The most obvious methods involve automation and computerization which minimize the tasks that must be performed by employees. Recently, less obvious techniques are being employed that involve ergonomic design and worker comfort. A comfortable employee, the theory maintains, can produce more than a counterpart who struggles through the day.